Day 07

Topics to cover

01 Curl

02 Openssl

Curl most used command

  • 1️⃣ Basic GET request: Send a GET request to a URL
curl https://example.com
  • 2️⃣ GET request with headers: Send a GET request with custom headers
curl -H "Accept: application/json" https://example.com/api/data
  • 3️⃣ GET request with multiple headers: Send a GET request with multiple custom headers
curl -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Authorization: Bearer <token>" https://example.com/api/data
  • 4️⃣ GET request and save output to a file: Download content and save it to a file
curl -o output.html https://example.com
  • 5️⃣ Silent GET request: Send a GET request without progress or error messages
curl -s https://example.com
  • 6️⃣ Verbose output: Show detailed information about the request
curl -v https://example.com
  • 7️⃣ Follow redirects: Automatically follow HTTP redirects
curl -L https://example.com
  • 8️⃣ POST request with form data: Send form data in a POST request
curl -X POST -d "username=user&password=pass" https://example.com/login
  • 9️⃣ POST JSON data: Send JSON data in a POST request
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"name":"John","age":30}' https://example.com/api/users
  • 🔟 PUT request with JSON: Send JSON data in a PUT request
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"name":"Updated"}' https://example.com/api/users/1
  • 1️⃣1️⃣ DELETE request: Send a DELETE request
curl -X DELETE https://example.com/api/users/1
  • 1️⃣2️⃣ Upload file with POST: Upload a file in a POST request
curl -X POST -F "file=@/path/to/file.txt" https://example.com/upload
  • 1️⃣3️⃣ Download file with progress bar: Download a file with a progress indicator
curl -O https://example.com/file.zip
  • 1️⃣4️⃣ Download file to a custom name: Save the downloaded file with a custom name
curl -o newname.zip https://example.com/file.zip
  • 1️⃣5️⃣ Resume a partially downloaded file: Resume downloading a file from where it left off
curl -C - -O https://example.com/file.zip
  • 1️⃣6️⃣ FTP upload: Upload a file to an FTP server
curl -T file.txt ftp://ftp.example.com/ --user username:password
  • 1️⃣7️⃣ Send cookies: Send cookies with the request
curl -b "name=value" https://example.com
  • 1️⃣8️⃣ Save cookies to a file: Save cookies from the request to a file
curl -c cookies.txt https://example.com
  • 1️⃣9️⃣ Use cookies from a file: Send cookies from a file with the request
curl -b cookies.txt https://example.com
  • 2️⃣0️⃣ HTTP authentication (Basic Auth): Send HTTP Basic Authentication
curl -u username:password https://example.com
  • 2️⃣1️⃣ Use a proxy: Send a request through a proxy server
curl -x http://proxy.example.com:8080 https://example.com
  • 2️⃣2️⃣ Limit download speed: Limit the download speed to a specific rate
curl --limit-rate 100k https://example.com
  • 2️⃣3️⃣ Use a specific request method (e.g., PATCH): Send a PATCH request
curl -X PATCH -d '{"status":"active"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" https://example.com/api/resource
  • 2️⃣4️⃣ Upload multiple files with form: Upload multiple files using form data
curl -F "file1=@file1.txt" -F "file2=@file2.txt" https://example.com/upload
  • 2️⃣5️⃣ Upload file with a specific content type: Upload a file with a specified content type
curl -F "file=@file.json;type=application/json" https://example.com/upload

Openssl Commands

  • 1️⃣ Generate a Self-Signed Certificate: Create a self-signed SSL certificate with a private key
openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -days 365 -nodes -x509 -keyout server.key -out server.crt
  • 2️⃣ Generate a Private Key: Generate a private RSA key
openssl genpkey -algorithm RSA -out private.key
  • 3️⃣ Generate a Public Key: Generate a public key from a private key
openssl rsa -in private.key -pubout -out public.key
  • 4️⃣ Convert PEM to DER: Convert a PEM-encoded certificate to DER format
openssl x509 -in certificate.pem -outform DER -out certificate.der
  • 5️⃣ Convert DER to PEM: Convert a DER-encoded certificate to PEM format
openssl x509 -in certificate.der -inform DER -out certificate.pem -outform PEM
  • 6️⃣ View Certificate Information: View details about an SSL certificate
openssl x509 -in certificate.crt -text -noout
  • 7️⃣ Verify Certificate: Verify if a certificate is valid for a specific domain
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443 -showcerts
  • 8️⃣ Create a CSR (Certificate Signing Request): Generate a CSR using a private key
openssl req -new -key private.key -out request.csr
  • 9️⃣ Sign a CSR with a CA (Certificate Authority): Sign a CSR with a CA certificate
openssl x509 -req -in request.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out signed.crt -days 365
  • 🔟 Check SSL Certificate Expiry: Check the expiration date of an SSL certificate
openssl x509 -in certificate.crt -noout -enddate
  • 1️⃣1️⃣ Create a PKCS12 File: Convert a private key and certificate to a PKCS12 file
openssl pkcs12 -export -in certificate.crt -inkey private.key -out certificate.p12
  • 1️⃣2️⃣ Extract Certificate from PKCS12 File: Extract a certificate from a PKCS12 file
openssl pkcs12 -in certificate.p12 -clcerts -nokeys -out certificate.crt
  • 1️⃣3️⃣ Extract Private Key from PKCS12 File: Extract the private key from a PKCS12 file
openssl pkcs12 -in certificate.p12 -nocerts -out private.key
  • 1️⃣4️⃣ Encrypt a File with AES: Encrypt a file using AES encryption
openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -salt -in plaintext.txt -out encrypted.txt
  • 1️⃣5️⃣ Decrypt a File with AES: Decrypt a file that was encrypted with AES
openssl enc -d -aes-256-cbc -in encrypted.txt -out decrypted.txt
  • 1️⃣6️⃣ Generate a Diffie-Hellman Parameters File: Generate a DH parameters file
openssl dhparam -out dhparams.pem 2048
  • 1️⃣7️⃣ Create an SSL/TLS Server Certificate: Generate a server certificate from a CSR
openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout server.key -out server.csr
openssl x509 -req -in server.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out server.crt -days 365
  • 1️⃣8️⃣ Test SSL Connection: Test an SSL connection to a server
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443
  • 1️⃣9️⃣ Generate an MD5 Hash of a File: Generate an MD5 hash of a file
openssl dgst -md5 file.txt
  • 2️⃣0️⃣ Generate a SHA256 Hash of a File: Generate a SHA256 hash of a file
openssl dgst -sha256 file.txt
  • 1️⃣ Generate a Self-Signed Certificate: Create a self-signed SSL certificate with a private key
openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -days 365 -nodes -x509 -keyout server.key -out server.crt
  • 2️⃣ Generate a Private Key: Generate a private RSA key
openssl genpkey -algorithm RSA -out private.key
  • 3️⃣ Generate a Public Key: Generate a public key from a private key
openssl rsa -in private.key -pubout -out public.key
  • 4️⃣ Convert PEM to DER: Convert a PEM-encoded certificate to DER format
openssl x509 -in certificate.pem -outform DER -out certificate.der
  • 5️⃣ Convert DER to PEM: Convert a DER-encoded certificate to PEM format
openssl x509 -in certificate.der -inform DER -out certificate.pem -outform PEM
  • 6️⃣ View Certificate Information: View details about an SSL certificate
openssl x509 -in certificate.crt -text -noout
  • 7️⃣ Verify Certificate: Verify if a certificate is valid for a specific domain
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443 -showcerts
  • 8️⃣ Create a CSR (Certificate Signing Request): Generate a CSR using a private key
openssl req -new -key private.key -out request.csr
  • 9️⃣ Sign a CSR with a CA (Certificate Authority): Sign a CSR with a CA certificate
openssl x509 -req -in request.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out signed.crt -days 365
  • 🔟 Check SSL Certificate Expiry: Check the expiration date of an SSL certificate
openssl x509 -in certificate.crt -noout -enddate
  • 1️⃣1️⃣ Create a PKCS12 File: Convert a private key and certificate to a PKCS12 file
openssl pkcs12 -export -in certificate.crt -inkey private.key -out certificate.p12
  • 1️⃣2️⃣ Extract Certificate from PKCS12 File: Extract a certificate from a PKCS12 file
openssl pkcs12 -in certificate.p12 -clcerts -nokeys -out certificate.crt
  • 1️⃣3️⃣ Extract Private Key from PKCS12 File: Extract the private key from a PKCS12 file
openssl pkcs12 -in certificate.p12 -nocerts -out private.key
  • 1️⃣4️⃣ Encrypt a File with AES: Encrypt a file using AES encryption
openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -salt -in plaintext.txt -out encrypted.txt
  • 1️⃣5️⃣ Decrypt a File with AES: Decrypt a file that was encrypted with AES
openssl enc -d -aes-256-cbc -in encrypted.txt -out decrypted.txt
  • 1️⃣6️⃣ Generate a Diffie-Hellman Parameters File: Generate a DH parameters file
openssl dhparam -out dhparams.pem 2048
  • 1️⃣7️⃣ Create an SSL/TLS Server Certificate: Generate a server certificate from a CSR
openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout server.key -out server.csr
openssl x509 -req -in server.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out server.crt -days 365
  • 1️⃣8️⃣ Test SSL Connection: Test an SSL connection to a server
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443
  • 1️⃣9️⃣ Generate an MD5 Hash of a File: Generate an MD5 hash of a file
openssl dgst -md5 file.txt
  • 2️⃣0️⃣ Generate a SHA256 Hash of a File: Generate a SHA256 hash of a file
openssl dgst -sha256 file.txt